Ankle sprain

The ankle joint is the most sprained joint. Ankle sprain may happen unexpectedly during Walking or exercising on an uneven surfaces or participating in sports that require more twisting of the foot—such as running, basketball, tennis, football.

What are the symptoms an ankle sprain?

Pain after the ankle sprain
Swelling and bleeding under the skin (i.e. bruising).
Tenderness to touch.
You may hear pop sound or feel something tear.
Most of time slight functional limitation
In acute and severe injuries, you may not be able to walk or even put weight on your foot.

What are the risk factors for an ankle sprain?

People with a hindfoot varus.

In those who have had a history of severe sprain in the past, it is also easier to experience new ankle sprain.
Those having ankle instability. Those who have weak muscles or ligaments may be more predisposed.
Women who wear inappropriate footwear like high heels shoe.
During fatigue situations, people are more predisposed to the ankle sprain.
People with poor sensation

What are treatment options?

Rice technique: In general, treatment in the first 48 to 72 hours consists of resting the ankle, icing 20 minutes every two to three hours, compressing with a bandage or wrap, and elevating toes above the level of patient’s nose.

2. Physical therapy: Patients should learn to strengthen the muscles around the ankle, particularly the peroneals.

3. An ankle brace can be used until a therapist believes that the ankle is strong enough to return to play without it. The ankle orthosis provides gentle pressure and motion control to help prevent further strains or sprains.

4. Surgery is not required in the vast majority of ankle sprains. The grade of the sprain will determine treatment flowchart.